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M9490406.TXT
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1994-09-19
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Document 0406
DOCN M9490406
TI A lion lentivirus related to feline immunodeficiency virus:
epidemiologic and phylogenetic aspects.
DT 9411
AU Brown EW; Yuhki N; Packer C; O'Brien SJ; Biological Carcinogenesis and
Development Program, Program; Resources, Inc./DynCorp, Frederick,
Maryland 21702-1201.
SO J Virol. 1994 Sep;68(9):5953-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
AB Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a novel lentivirus that is
genetically homologous and functionally analogous to the human AIDS
viruses, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2. FIV causes
immunosuppression in domestic cats by destroying the CD4 T-lymphocyte
subsets in infected hosts. A serological survey of over 400 free-ranging
African and Asian lions (Panthera leo) for antibodies to FIV revealed
endemic lentivirus prevalence with an incidence of seropositivity as
high as 90%. A lion lentivirus (FIV-Ple) was isolated by infection of
lion lymphocytes in vitro. Seroconversion was documented in two
Serengeti lions, and discordance of mother-cub serological status argues
against maternal transmission (in favor of horizontal spread) as a major
route of infection among lions. A phylogenetic analysis of cloned
FIV-Ple pol gene sequences from 27 lions from four African populations
(from the Serengeti reserve, Ngorongoro Crater, Lake Manyara, and Kruger
Park) revealed remarkably high intra- and interindividual genetic
diversity at the sequence level. Three FIV-Ple phylogenetic clusters or
clades were resolved with phenetic, parsimony, and likelihood analytical
procedures. The three clades, which occurred not only together in the
same population but throughout Africa, were as divergent from each other
as were homologous pol sequences of lentivirus isolated from distinct
feline species, i.e., puma and domestic cat. The FIV-Ple clades,
however, were more closely related to each other than to other feline
lentiviruses (monophyletic for lion species), suggesting that the
ancestors of FIV-Ple evolved in allopatric (geographically isolated)
lion populations that converged recently. To date, there is no clear
evidence of FIV-Ple-associated pathology, raising the possibility of a
historic genetic accommodation of the lion lentivirus and its host
leading to a coevolved host-parasite symbiosis (or commensalism) in the
population similar to that hypothesized for endemic simian
immunodeficiency virus without pathology in free-ranging African monkey
species.
DE Animal Animals, Wild Base Sequence Comparative Study DNA
Primers/CHEMISTRY Genes, pol Immunodeficiency Virus,
Feline/CLASSIFICATION Lentivirus/*CLASSIFICATION Lentivirus
Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*VETERINARY Lions/*MICROBIOLOGY Molecular
Sequence Data Phylogeny Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino
Acid Serotyping JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).